Health and Fitness Quiz

1. What does the term stroke volume refer to?

a. It’s another term for heart rate and is measured in beats per minute

b. It refers to the amount of blood pumped by each heartbeat and is usually measured in mls.

c. It refers to the physical size of the heart and is measured by weight.

2. After exercising regularly for six weeks, you find that your resting heart rate is four beats lower than it was. What does this mean?

a. Your need for oxygen has been reduced so your heart doesn’t have to beat as often.

b. Your need for oxygen hasn’t changed but you’re pumping more blood with each beat.

c. Your training programme is causing fatigue, which has resulted in a slowing of your heartbeat. It’s time for a break

3. Approximately how much blood do we have travelling around our bodies?

a. 2 litres

b. 6 litres

c. 10 litres

4. From which chamber of the heart is blood pumped into the arteries?

a. Left atrium

b. Right atrium

c. Left ventricle

5. Which of the following is the average resting heart rate?

a. 45 beats per minute

b. 60 beats per minute

c. 72 beats per minute

6. Which best describes the heart?

a. Bone

b. Tissue

c. Muscle

7. If you suddenly stopped exercising and put on 6 kilograms, what would you expect your resting heart rate to do?

a. Increase

b. Decrease

c. Remain unaltered

8. Explain your answer to question 7.

a. The extra body weight must be capilliarised and blood must be sent to these areas to keep the tissue alive. This requires the heart to work harder and therefore beat more often.

b. The lack of training will cause the cardiovascular system to lose efficiency. Stroke volume will decrease and so heart rate must increase to compensate for this and maintain the required cardiac output at rest.

c. Both A and B

9. In extremely cold weather, the blood vessels in our hands, feet and face contract so blood flow is reduced to these areas and channelled to the centre of the body to make sure core temperature is maintained. What is this process called?

a. Peripheral vasodilatation

b. Peripheral vasoconstriction

c. Cardiac relocation.

10. What is it called when a muscle increases its size?

a. Atrophy

b. Kinesiology

c. Hypertrophy

11. What should you do if you want to lose weight from your abdominal area?

a. Do 1,000 sit ups per day.

b. Increase energy expenditure and reduce energy intake.

c. Do a basic aerobic program and 500 sit ups per day.

12. Why are isometric exercises not recommended for people with suspected heart disease?

a. They cause a too rapid increase in heart rate.

b. They cause a too rapid increase in breathing rate.

c. They a cause a too rapid increase in blood pressure.

13. Why should crunches without your feet secured be performed in preference to ‘old fashioned’ full sit ups?

a. They are easier.

b. Sit-ups emphasise the hip flexors rather than the abdominal muscles.

c. People like new methods of doing exercises.

14. How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

a. 3

b. 5

c. 7

15. What is the anatomical name for the jaw?

a. The mandible.

b. The clavicle.

c. The munchbone.

16. All ribs attach to which vertebrae?

a. Cervical and thoracic.

b. Thoracic

c. Floating ribs don’t attach to vertebrae.

17. Which of the following fats is thought to lower the dangerous LDL type of cholesterol without lowering the protective HDL type of cholesterol?

a. Polyunsaturated.

b. Monounsaturated.

c. Saturated.

18. Which of the following cooking oils is monounsaturated?

a. Olive oil.

b. Coconut oil.

c. Lard oil.

19. Beta-carotene is thought to be essential in warding off potential free radical damage to our immune system. What are the best sources of beta-carotene?

a. Yellow / orange foods like carrots, squash and sweet potatoes.

b. Nuts and grains.

c. Meat, fish and chicken.

20. Which organ of the body controls blood sugar levels via the release or absorption of insulin?

a. Liver.

b. Spleen.

c. Pancreas.

21. What is carbohydrate stored as?

a. Fat.

b. Glycogen.

c. Carbohydrate cannot be stored.

22. Which nutrient is the richest source of energy?

a. Carbohydrate.

b. Protein.

c. Fat.

23. Both carbohydrates as glycogen and fat as fatty acids are ‘burnt’ in the muscles with oxygen to produce an energy substance which actually makes the muscles work. What is this substance?

a. Sugar.

b. Kinetic energy.

c. Adenosine Tri-phosphate (ATP).

24. Can protein be used as energy and what happens to excess protein?

a. No. Protein plays no part in energy release and excess protein is excreted.

b. No. Protein plays no part in energy release and excess protein is stored as fat.

c. Yes. If carbohydrate and fats are failing to provide enough energy, protein will be used to make up the shortfall. Excess protein can be either stored as fat or excreted.

25. There is a substance that is important for nerves and muscles to function properly, but is absolutely vital to retain the hardness of bones. What is it?

a. Calcium.

b. Sodium.

c. Magnesium.

Answers: 1 – B; 2 – B; 3 – B; 4 – C; 5 – C; 6 – C; 7 – A; 8 – C; 9 – B; 10 – C; 11 – B; 12 – C; 13 – B;

14 – B; 15 – A; 16 – B; 17 – B; 18 – A; 19 – A; 20 – C; 21 – B; 22 – C; 23 – C; 24 – C; 25 – A.